![]() #Fender bandmaster 2x12 speaker cabinet series#Where two 8-Ohm speakers in Parallel result in an effective impedance of 4-Ohms.įor a parallel then series arrangement the impedance of the two pairs of parallel speakers (8-Ohms each) is calculated first (4-Ohms per set), then their impedance is put in series for a total of 8-Ohms.īoth of the wiring schemes have the exact same impedance despite the different configuration. Thus, two 8-Ohm speakers in Series result in an effective impedance of 16-Ohms: The rules of series and parallel resistance also apply to speaker impedances as shown in the figure below. The trend, as you have noticed, is to use multiple "smaller" transducers (speakers) in each cabinet as a design to better control the resonance of each speaker box. (3) Multiple speakers eliminate resonance problems associated with single speakers where some notes are more pronounced than others. So, you have the efficiency of having this one cabinet more easily move air and a higher power handling capacity. A single 15" speaker has a surface area of 177 square inches, where four 10" speakers have a surface area of 315 square inches. (2) Multiple small speakers have a larger surface area than one single large speaker and hence are more efficient (and louder). Why? With a single speaker system you only have one voice coil/manget device - one motor, if you will - and this device must handle all of the AC current being supplied.Īmplifier speaker outputs and Speaker jacks are almost always wired in parallel, so there would be no difference in running two speaker cables from your amplifier to two cabinets or one speaker cable to the first cabinet and then a second speaker cable to the second cabinet.įor a Series then Parallel arrangement the impedance of two pairs of series speakers (8-Ohm each) is calculated first (16-Ohms at each leg), then they are wired in parallel, for a total load of 8-Ohms. (1) Multiple speakers can handle more power than a single speaker. Multi speaker cabinets are used for three basic reasons: This is applicable whether the speakers are in series, parallel, parallel/series or series/parallel as shown in figures 2, 3, 4 and 5. Therefore, with a multi-speaker cabinet all speakers must be properly phased or else some speakers will pull in while others are pushing out thereby decreasing the efficiency (and volume) of the speaker array. This phenomena shows that speakers do have polarity despite the fact that they operate with an AC signal. When an audio signal is applied to the voice coil, air is modulated according to the shape of this electrical signal and sound is produced. The speaker creates acoustic energy by acting like an air pump which pushes air out when the magnetic field created by the voice coil repels that of the permanent magnet and sucks air in when he magnetic field created by the voice coil attracts that of the permanent magnet. The cone is attached to the top opening with a circular flex edge (the surround) and at the base of the speaker with a smaller circular edge (the spider) shown in Fig. The speaker consists of two main parts (a) a movable cone (which travels in one dimension only - in and out) with a voice coil at the base of the cone and (b) a stationary magnet attached to the speaker frame. The speaker is a simple device which converts electrical energy into acoustic energy. The output of your amplifier typically will feed a speaker cabinet with anywhere from 1 to 8 speakers depending on the power level involved. So, now we explore how these speaker cabinet wiring schemes are handled. However, the additional speakers that you use will generate a much greater ability to produce volume due to additional cone area pushing the airwaves. So, think of doubling your amplifier power more as a dynamic headroom reserve rather than as a means to play louder. When adding additional speakers cabinets to unleash your amplifier's additional power reserve, remember, you must DOUBLE your amplifier's power to gain only a 3db increase in volume (a very small increment). You will first need to know the Minimum "load" requirements of your amplifier and how much power the amplifier produces at 8-Ohms, 4-Ohms and (in some, but not all cases) 2-Ohms. Most players want to get the maximum amount of available power out of their amplifier while allowing the flexibility of adding additional speakers when the need arises. We get many questions about speaker loads and impedance when it comes to matching a Bass Amplifier with a Speaker cabinet. ![]()
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